In the Name of Almighty God, the Most Merciful and Most High.
Whereas it hath long been the desire of His Most Excellent Majesty George the Fourth, by the Grace of God King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, and of His Imperial Majesty Fath-Ali Shah Qajar, Shahanshah of Persia and Sovereign of the Guarded Domains of Persia, that the bonds of friendship subsisting between their respective Crowns should be strengthened;
And whereas the prosperity and security of nations are advanced by commerce, industry, and the establishment of sound military institutions;
Their said Majesties have appointed as their Plenipotentiaries:
On behalf of His Britannic Majesty, Colonel Sir John Macdonald Kinneir, Envoy Extraordinary from the Government of India, and Captain John Campbell, Second Madras Light Cavalry;
And on behalf of His Imperial Majesty the Shah, His Royal Highness Crown Prince Abbās Mīrzā, Governor of Khorasan and Commander of the Iranian Royal Army;
Who, having communicated their Full Powers, have agreed upon the following Articles.
ARTICLE I
Of Amity
There shall subsist firm and inviolable peace and friendship between His Britannic Majesty and His Imperial Majesty the Shah of Persia, their Heirs, Successors, Dominions, and Subjects.
Neither Party shall knowingly permit within its territories any enterprise intended to disturb the peace or lawful possessions of the other.
ARTICLE II
Of British Commerce and Investment
His Imperial Majesty grants unto the subjects of His Britannic Majesty the sole and exclusive privilege amongst all foreign nations of introducing capital into Persia for the establishment, purchase, enlargement, or improvement of commercial and industrial undertakings.
British subjects may establish manufactories, workshops, warehouses, trading houses, foundries, mills, roads, canals, and other works of commerce or industry, subject to the laws of Persia.
No like privilege shall be granted to the subjects or agents of another foreign Power during the continuance of this Treaty without the consent of His Britannic Majesty's Government.
ARTICLE III
Of Lands and Property
Subjects of His Britannic Majesty shall possess the exclusive right amongst foreigners to purchase, lease, hold, improve, and dispose of lands and buildings within the Guarded Domains of Persia.
Property lawfully acquired shall remain secure against arbitrary seizure or confiscation. Where such property is required for the service of the Persian Crown, fair compensation shall be made.
Nothing herein shall diminish the rights of Persian subjects to possess or acquire property within their own country.
ARTICLE IV
Of the Natural Wealth of Persia
His Imperial Majesty grants unto British subjects and companies the exclusive foreign right to survey, develop, work, and exploit mines, mineral deposits, forests, and other natural resources within Persia, according to concessions concluded with the Persian Government.
The Persian Crown shall receive such rents, duties, royalties, or shares of profit as shall be prescribed by those concessions.
British engineers, surveyors, artificers, and other persons necessary for such enterprises shall be permitted to travel and reside within those provinces wherein their employment requires their presence.
ARTICLE V
Of the New Military Order
In consideration of the privileges herein granted, His Britannic Majesty undertakes to assist His Imperial Majesty in establishing throughout the Iranian Royal Army a New Military Order, or Nezam-e Jadid, founded upon the most approved principles of European discipline.
The British Military Mission under Captain John Campbell, or such officer as may succeed him, shall instruct the troops of Persia in drill, discipline, musketry, artillery, engineering, logistics, the ordering of regiments, and the conduct of armies in the field.
British officers may accompany Persian formations for instruction and exercise and render professional counsel to their commanders. Sovereign command of the Iranian Royal Army shall nevertheless remain vested in His Imperial Majesty and those officers commissioned by him.
ARTICLE VI
Of Arms and Military Stores
His Britannic Majesty's Government shall provide or facilitate the provision of such modern arms and military stores as are necessary for the establishment of the Nezam-e Jadid.
These shall include muskets, rifles, cannon and their carriages, gunpowder, shot, tools, accoutrements, and machinery necessary for their maintenance.
British artificers shall further instruct Persian workmen in the manufacture and repair of arms, powder, artillery, and military equipment, that Persia may in due course maintain these establishments from her own resources.
ARTICLE VII
Of Mutual Protection and Obligation
British subjects enjoying the privileges of this Treaty shall respect the laws, religion, customs, and sovereign authority of Persia and shall possess no right to raise armed forces or exercise authority over Persian subjects.
His Imperial Majesty shall in turn command his Governors and Officers to protect British merchants, engineers, officers, property, and lawful enterprises within his Dominions.
ARTICLE VIII
Of the Duration of the Treaty
The present Treaty shall remain in full force for fifteen years from the date of its Ratification.
During that period neither High Contracting Party may separately renounce, suspend, or terminate its principal Articles. Alteration or termination may be made only by the mutual agreement of both Crowns.
At the expiration of fifteen years, the Treaty shall continue unless either Party gives twelve months' formal notice of its desire to terminate or revise the same.
ARTICLE IX
Of Ratification
The present Treaty shall be ratified by His Britannic Majesty and by His Imperial Majesty the Shah of Persia, and the Ratifications exchanged as soon as circumstances shall permit.
In witness whereof, the undersigned Plenipotentiaries have signed the present Treaty and affixed thereto their Seals.
Done at Shiraz, in the Guarded Domains of Persia, this Twenty-Fifth Day of April in the Year of Our Lord One Thousand Eight Hundred and Twenty-Nine, corresponding to the Twenty-First Day of Shawwāl in the Year Twelve Hundred and Forty-Four of the Hegira.
FOR HIS BRITANNIC MAJESTY
Colonel Sir John Macdonald Kinneir
Envoy Extraordinary from the Government of India
Captain John Campbell
Second Madras Light Cavalry
British Military Mission to Persia
FOR HIS IMPERIAL MAJESTY THE SHAHANSHAH OF PERSIA
His Royal Highness Abbās Mīrzā Qajar
Crown Prince of Persia
Governor of Khorasan
Commander of the Iranian Royal Army
